• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Improved connection systems for pinned connections are disclosed. Although the connection systems may be utilized in dragline excavating systems, the connection systems may also be utilized for pinned connections in a variety of other types of mining, dredging, forestry, and construction equipment. An insert utilized in the connections systems has a frustroconical shape that joins with an aperture in an element being joined by the connection system.
    公开号:SE535993C2
    申请号:SE1000562
    申请日:2008-11-18
    公开日:2013-03-19
    发明作者:Robert Mcclanahan；Carolyn Shapiro；Robin K Churchill
    申请人:Esco Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [4] Mining and earthmoving machines are stopped during periods of maintenance, which has a limited effect on the overall efficiency of the machine. To inspect, repair or replace bolted couplings, the welded plates are removed to provide access to the bolt and bushings, resulting in trimming of at least one of the plates with a welding torch. In addition, maintenance may include separation of the bolt and / or bushings from the joined elements, which involves trimming the bushings with the welding torch. During the use of the tow line excavation system, fine particles (i.e., relatively small particles and dust) of the soil, rocks and other debris can be packed or otherwise collected in the bolt couplings, preventing separation of the bolts and bushings after the plates have been removed. In addition, the displacement within the bolt coupling as a result of the installation or wear during use can also prevent separation from the bolt and bushings. Given the presence of these fine particles and the potential displacements, hammering can also be used to separate the bolt and bushings from the joined elements. In addition to the time spent on both the installation and maintenance processes, repeated welding, cutting and hammering can pose risks to personnel and cause degradation or otherwise damage the joined elements. Thus, elements from the tow line excavation system that can be quickly maintained (i.e., inspected, disassembled and repaired) without welding and hammering operations can increase the overall efficiency of the tow line excavation system.
    [5] Various aspects of the innovation relate to bolted couplings which join two elements together. The bolt couplings are adapted for use in excavation equipment, but can still be used in a variety of environments including a wide range of mining, dredging, forestry and construction machinery.
    [6] In one aspect of the invention, a bolt coupling is mechanically secured and adapted for installation and removal without the need for welding or hammering. The bolt coupling can be installed and removed on site in a light and fast manner to reduce the difficulties and time normally required to replace a worn component with a new replacement. This is a particular advantage when the coupling arrangement is used to secure elements in large excavation equipment, where downtime on the equipment means a significant financial loss. Furthermore, by eliminating the need for welding and hammering, the bolt coupling reduces the risk that users have normally been exposed to by replacing parts of the excavation equipment.
    [7] In another aspect, different parts of the bolt couplings have threaded and frustoconical configurations which separate with relatively small rotations and also separate when fine parts have been pressed between the elements. A bolt may also have one or more ends with frustoconical configurations that separate from other elements and adapt to other elements relatively easily.
    [8] In one embodiment, a bolt coupling comprises a first coupling element, a second coupling element, a bolt and an insert. The first coupling element defines an opening and at least a part of the opening is threaded. The second coupling defines a hole. The bolt extends into the opening and the hole. the insert is located within the opening and is adapted to contact with the bolt. At least a portion of the insert has a threaded surface that occupies the threaded surface of the opening. In some configurations of this embodiment, the threaded surfaces of the opening and the insert may have a corresponding frustoconical configuration.
    [9] In another embodiment, a coupling system for bolt couplings comprises a coupling element, a pair of inserts and a bolt. The coupling element has a pair of separate arms, each defining an opening, at least a part of each opening having a frustoconical configuration with threads. At least a part of each insert has a frustoconical configuration with threads, each insert is located in one of the openings and threads for each insert run in the threads in one of the openings. In addition, the bolt contacts each insert and extends between GTmOfnO.
    [10] In yet another embodiment, a tow line excavation system has a plurality of components connected by bolt couplings. At least one of the bolt couplings comprises a first coupling element, a second coupling element, a bolt and an insert. The first coupling element defines the opening and at least a part of the opening is threaded. The second coupling element defines the hole. The bolt extends in the opening and in the direction. At least one de | of the insert has threaded surfaces which occupy the threaded surfaces of the opening. In any of these embodiments, locks may be used to secure the insert within the openings. In any of these embodiments, separated bushings may be used or the bushings may be incorporated into the insert.
    [12] In order to gain an increased understanding of advantages and novel features, reference may be made to the following descriptions and additional figures which describe and illustrate various configurations and concepts related to the invention.
    [13] The above summary and accompanying detailed description will be easier to understand when solved in conjunction with the accompanying figures.
    [14] Figure is a perspective view of the first slip line excavation system comprising a traction bucket and its equipment. Figure 2 is a perspective view of a first coupling system of the trail line excavation system with a first joined coupling element.
    [16] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the first coupling system.
    [17] Figure 4 is a top view of the first coupling system. Figure 5 is an exploded top view of the first coupling system.
    [19] Figure 6 is a view of a vertical distance on the first coupling system.
    [20] Figures 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views of the first coupling system, as defined by the respective section lines 7 and 8 in Figure ó.
    [21] Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views of a holder for the first coupling system.
    [22] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a lock on the first coupling system.
    [23] Figures i2 and 13 are exploded views of perspective views of the lock. 00535993 6
    [24] Figure 14 is a perspective view of the first coupling system joining a second pair of coupling elements.
    [25] Figures 15 and 16 are cross-sectional views corresponding to Figure 8 and depicting additional configurations of the first coupling system.
    [26] Figure 17 is a perspective view of a further configuration of the first coupling system.
    [27] Figures 18-20 are cross-sectional views similar to Figure 8 and depict further locking configurations of the first coupling system.
    [28] Figure 21 is a perspective view of a second coupling system on a siöpline shaft system connected to the second pair of coupling elements.
    [29] Figure 22 is an exploded view of the second coupling system.
    [30] Figure 23 is a side view from above of the second coupling system.
    [31] Figure 24 is an exploded view of the seeds on the side and above of the second coupling system.
    [32] Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the second coupling system as defined on section line 25 in Figure 23.
    [33] Figures 26 and 27 are perspective views of a bushing on the second coupling system.
    [34] Figures 28 and 29 are cross-sectional views of the bushing as defined by section lines 28 and 29 in Figure 26.
    [35] Figure 30 is a perspective view of the lock on the second coupling system.
    [36] Figures 31 and 32 are exploded perspective views of the lock. 00535993 7
    [37] Figure 33 is a perspective view of the second coupling system and a removal apparatus.
    [38] Figure 34 is an exploded perspective view of the second coupling system and the removed apparatus.
    [39] Figure 35 is a perspective view of the second coupling system connected to the first pair of coupling elements.
    [40] Figures 36-39 are cross-sectional views corresponding to Figure 25 and illustrate additional configurations of the second coupling system.
    [41] Figure 40 is a perspective view of another configuration of the second coupling system.
    [42] The following discussion and the following figures show different configurations of bolt couplings that can be used to join two coupling elements. Although the bolt couplings are shown with reference to a tow line excavation system for purposes of example, concepts associated with bolt couplings are not limited to tow line excavation systems and can be utilized in a wide range of mining, dredging, forestry and construction equipment. The concepts associated with the bolt couplings can be used only as examples with cable shovel connection brackets, grab buckets (ie at the bucket coupling to the bucket arms), the excavator bucket couplings, wheel loader bucket bracket and bolt couplings at the ends of hydraulic cylinders. Thus, although the bolt couplings are described with reference to the illustration line trailing shaft system, the concepts shown herein apply to bolt couplings that can be used in various applications, either in the mining industry or in industries not associated with mining.
    [43] Trailer line excavation system 00535993 8
    [44] With reference to Figure 1, an illustrated example of a trail line excavation system 100 with a trail line bucket 11 and rig 15 that can be used in mining and earthworks operations. Trailer line bucket 1 10 comprises a plurality of excavator piles 1 1 1 and a central accumulation area 1 12.
    [45] When a trail line excavation system 100 is used, the soil, rocks and other debris can wear the trail line scoop 1 10 and parts of the rig 1 that contact or slide against the ground. Couplings between different elements of the slip line excavation system 100 may also undergo wear in areas where the surface of the elements faces each other and is subject to tensile, compressive load, abrasion or several other forces. Due to the effects of wear and tear, the various elements of the slip line excavation system 100 are subject to routine maintenance which may involve inspection, disassembly, repair and replacement of the elements. Many of the couplings between the elements of the trail line excavation system are 100 year bolt couplings. That is, a bolt extends through two coupling elements to effectively connect the couplings of the elements to each other. As an example, bolt couplings can be used to join a plurality of coupling elements including the lifting chains 120 to the shaft journals or the spreader bar, an emptying block to the connection joins the emptying block to the lifting chain 120 or the removal of an emptying rope 130 to a bend of another tow line. discussed below is that a bolt coupling can be used to connect a connection 150 to a tow chain 140, thereby connecting the tow chain 140 to the tow line scoop 1 10.
    [46] As discussed in the background description above, mining and earthmoving operations are generally stopped during periods of maintenance. In addition to the time consumed by the maintenance process, repeated welding and cutting can impair or otherwise sweeten the joined elements of the trailing line excavation system. To reduce the time spent through periods of maintenance and to reduce the need for welding and cutting, one or more coupling systems 200 and 400 may be used to form bolt couplings with the sump line excavation system 100.
    [47] First clutch configuration system
    [48] The coupling system 200 can be used to form a bolt coupling which joins different coupling elements. Figures 2-8 show a coupling system 200 in the context of a coupling 150 and an end link 160 from one of the tow chains 120. The coupling 150 forms a first coupling element defining a pair of mating openings 151 at one end and another opening 152 at opposite ends. The end link 160 forming a second coupling member defines an opening or hole 161 generally adapted to the openings 151. A bolt 230 extends through the openings 151 and 161 to join the coupling 150 to the end link 160, thereby forming a bolt coupling between the coupling members. The opening 152 is adapted to connect the coupling 150 to the tow line scoop 1 by conventional means but may be adapted to use the coupling system 200 as well. In addition, the coupling system 200 can be used to form bolt couplings between other elements on the towline shaft system 100 or in other environments.
    [49] The coupling 150 includes a pair of spaced arms 153 each having an outer surface 154 and an opposite inner surface 155. Each opening 151 extends between the surfaces 154 and 155 to form mating openings and each opening 151 has a tapered position. 156 with a frustoconical configuration. Thus, tapered positions 156 on the openings 151 have surfaces with tapered shapes similar to truncated cones. Furthermore, the openings 151 are tapered in a direction extending from the outer surfaces 154 to the inner surfaces 155 so that the larger diameters of tapered portions 156 are proximal to the outer surfaces 154 and the smaller diameters are proximal to the inner surfaces 155. Tapered portions 156 there each part includes threads 157 which generally have a relatively steep pitch although the pitch of the threads can vary considerably. In adjacent areas of the inward surface 155, the openings 151 preferably have cylindrical or otherwise non-tapered configurations. Further, the outer surfaces 154 define a pair of locking configurations 158 located adjacent the openings 151 which are preferably shaped as indentations.
    [50] The coupling system 200 contains a pair of inserts which in this embodiment are formed to function as the holders 210. The coupling system 200 also preferably comprises a pair of bushings 220, a bolt 230 and a pair of locks 240.
    [51] The holders 210 are located on opposite sides of the bolt 230 and prevent the bolt 230 from being ejected or moved from the coupling 150. Each holder 210 contains an outer surface 21 1, an opposite inner surface 212 and a tapered surface 213 as depicted in Figure 9 and 10. When the holders 210 are located within the openings 151, the outer surfaces 211 are preferably recessed in the outer surfaces 154 and are positioned to contact a portion of the locks 240, but may alternatively be smooth or protrude from the outer surfaces 154 in some configurations. In addition, the inner surfaces 212 are oriented to face the bushings 220 (if used) and the bolt 230, when the holders 210 are located in the openings 151. The inner surfaces 212 may therefore contact or be at a certain distance from the bushings 220 and the bolt 230. Each tapered surface 213 is an outer edge extending between the surfaces 211 and 212 and gives each bush 210 a frustoconical configuration corresponding to shape and dimension. with tapered portions 156 on the openings 151. The inner surfaces 212 may therefore contact or be spaced apart from the bushings 220 and the bolt 230. Each tapered surface 213 is an outer edge which extends between the surfaces 21 1 and 212 and gives each holder 210 a frustoconical configuration which corresponds to shape and dimension with tapered portions 156 and aperture 151. Tapered surfaces 213 also include threads 214 for matching threads 157. In a desired construction, each thread 214 is defined by a helical groove and each thread 157 by a helical projection. Still, other threaded designs can be used. As with the threads 157, therefore, the threads 214 preferably have a relatively large pitch, although the pitch may vary significantly. An advantage of a large pitch is that relatively large portions of the tapered surfaces 213 contact the tapered portions 156 of the openings 151 and form bearing areas. Thus, a large slope increases the bearing areas between the tapered surfaces 213 and the openings 151.
    [52] An advantage of corresponding frustoconical configurations and corresponding threaded configurations is that relatively small rotations on each holder 210 are sufficient to separate the holders 210 from the coupling 150. More specifically, frustoconical configurations coupled with the relatively large pitch of the threads 157 and 214 mediate a structure in which the holders 210 are moved out of their determined position (i.e. where tapered surfaces 213 contact or bear against the substrate of the openings 151) upon rotation by relatively few degrees. Thus, rotation of the holders 210 between one-half and five turns may be sufficient to separate the holders 210 from the coupling 150 depending on the pitch of the threads 157 and 214 and the specific frustoconical configuration selected. During use of the tow line excavation system 100, displacement may occur due to wear and fine particles (i.e. relatively small particles or dust) from the soil, rocks and other debris may be packed or otherwise trapped in the coupling system 200. Even when the elements are displaced or fine particles are present, however, the holders 210 move out of their determined positions with a relatively small rotation.
    [53] Each holder 210 preferably defines different openings 215 extending between the surfaces 21 1 and 212. Although three openings 215 are depicted for each holder 210, the number of openings 215 in each holder 210 and the shape and area of the openings 215 may vary significantly. During periods of maintenance, personnel may visually inspect the condition of the bushings 220 and bolt 230 through the openings 215. Thus, the openings 215 allow portions of the bushings 220 and bolt 230 to be inspected without disassembling the coupling system 200. Although some prior art pourers may allow a some inspection without removing the hobs, the openings 215 may provide a large portion of the bushings 220 and bolt 230 to be inspected when the hobs 210 are located in the openings 151. Outer surfaces 211 also define a hexagonal socket 216 which cooperates with a removal tool when the hobs 210 are removed, although a variety of configurations of the recesses 216, or other tool contacting formations may be utilized. In situations where further inspection or replacement of the bushings 220 and / or bolt 230 is desired, one or more of the hobs 210 may become separating from the openings 151 without the need for a welding torch due to mechanical interaction between the hobs 210 and the coupling 150.
    [54] The bushings 220 usually have a cylindrical configuration that fits within the openings 151 adjacent the inner surfaces 155. Each bush 220 defines an opening 221. Although apertures 221 may extend centrally in the bushings, the apertures are depicted as offset from the central regions of the bushings 220, the apertures 221 are depicted as offset from the central regions. That is, shafts extending through the center of the bushings 220 are offset from the shafts extending through the center of the openings 221. When positioned within the openings 151, the portions of the bushings 220 preferably have a greater thickness (which is saturated from the surface of the openings 221). to the outer surfaces of the bushings 220] which are oriented to provide additional wear material in areas most exposed to forces causing abrasive abrasion and cutting.Although the relative positions of the plates 210 and bushings 220 may vary, the centers of the plates 210 are depicted as if they are aligned with the centers of the bushings 220. The receptacle 216 is preferably located at the actual center of the bracket 210 for easier rotation during installation and removal. In some configurations of the coupling system 200, the bushings 220 may be absent so that the bolt 230 directly contacts the coupling 150. In addition, other components or types of bushings can be used in addition to or instead of the bus lanes 220.
    [55] The bolt 230 generally has a cylindrical configuration corresponding to the diameter of the openings 221 and the bushes 220. In this configuration, the ends 231 and the bolt 230 in the openings 221 extend so that a central area of the bolt 230 extends over the space between the arms 153. When the end link 160 is joined to the coupling 150, the bolt 230 extends through the end link 160. More specifically, the end link 160 is located between the arms 153 and the bolt 230 extends through the opening 161 on the end link 160. As indicated above, the center of the bus rings 220 is offset. from the center of the openings 221. A center axis of the bolt 230 is therefore also offset from the center of the bushes 220. Similarly, the center of the holders 210 is offset from the center of the bolt 230, although the relative positions of the holders 210, the bushes 220 and the bolt 230 may vary. Although one or both of the ends 231 of the bolt 230 may be fixed, the bolt 230 is depicted as being configured as a floating bolt (i.e., a bolt that is free of head or other means of securing the bolt and is generally free to rotate and translate but for the holders 210).
    [56] The reader 240 contains a first body 241 and a second body 242 which have a general L-shaped configuration depicted in Figures 1 1-13.
    [57] When the locks 240 are located within the locking formations 158, the end regions of the locks 240 in the underlying recesses 217 extend within the ends of the locking formations 158. Further, the inner surfaces of the projections 247 extending outwardly from the other bodies 241 are opposed and may contact outer surfaces 21 1 on the holders 210. During use with the tow line excavation system 100, various forces can cause the holders 210 to rotate and loosen, thereby tending the holders to separate from the openings 151 on the couplings 150. However, the presence of the locks 240 limits the degree to which the holders 210 can rotate and unload.
    [58] Disassembly and assembly processes
    [59] The various elements of the tow line excavation system 100 are routinely maintained due to the load generated in the tow line excavation system 100 and the effects of abrasion from soil, rocks and other debris. To begin the disassembly process of the coupling system 200, locking elements 246 of at least one lock 240 are removed from the channel 245. Given that the fine particles from soil, rocks and other debris can be packed in the coupling system 200 and displacement may be the result of wear and installation, this makes it relatively difficult to remove conventional threaded couplings. However, the channels 245 and the locking elements 246 preferably have the corresponding frustoconical configuration. When rotation is of a relatively small degree, the locking element 246 is moved out of its fixed position and the surface of the locking element 246 separates from the surface of the channel 245. Therefore, the locking element 246 can be removed from the channel 245 is relatively light even when debris is packed in areas between threads on the channel 245 and the locking element 246.
    [60] When the locking member 246 is removed from the lock 240, the lock is rotated upward to release the ends 249 of the lock 240 from the underlying recesses 217 within the ends of the locking formations 158. By following the removal of the lock 240, holders 210 can rotate to facilitate removal. Preferably, the tool is a tool with a hexagonal hex-shaped interface (or whichever interface is suitable for joining the receptacles 216) may be located within the recess 216 to help rotate the holder 210. Just as with the channel 245 and the locking member 246, the holder 210 and the opening 151 corresponding frustoconical configurations. Therefore, when the rotation is relatively small, the holder 210 is moved out of its determined position and the surface of the holder 210 separates from the surface of the opening 151. An advantage of this configuration is that retainers 210 can be moved from the opening 151 even when fine particles are packed in areas between the tapered surfaces 213 and the openings 151 and also between the threads 157 and 214.
    [61] When the holders 210 are loosened (i.e. out of their positions), the holders 210 can be moved from the openings 151, thereby exposing the bushings 220 and the bolt 230. An advantage of mechanically securing the holders 210 in relation to welding is that unobstructed inspection of the busbars 220 and bolt 230 can be performed without the use of welding torches. Thus, the hobs 210 can be removed without welding torches to allow the bushings 220 and bolt 230 to be visually inspected. The bushings 220 and the bolt 230 can then be inspected and / or removed.
    [62] The disassembly process is substantially similar to the disassembly process but is performed in reverse order. One aspect of the mounting process relates to the installation of the hobs 210 and the socket 240. In order for the socket 240 to fit within the readings 158 so that the projections 247 extend over the outer surfaces 211, the holders 210 should extend into the openings 151 to a position flush with or recessed during loose formations 158. Although the threads 157 and 214 may be shaped so as to pull the holders 210 to the positions aligned with the inner surfaces of the read formations 158 and the outer surfaces 211, the soil, rocks and other board typically present in mining and groundwork operations affect the degree of rotation of the hobs 210 within the openings 151. To ensure that the loosens 240 can be properly installed (e.g., completely within the read formations 158), the threads 157 and 214 can be configured so that the hobs 210 are recessed below the projections 247 when the hoops are fully eaten to specific positions. When some holders 210 are released, the outer surfaces 21 are placed in contact with the projections 247, which further limits the release of the hobs 210.
    [63] Additional configurations 185
    [64] The above discussion of the coupling system 200 provides an example of a structure and use for the coupling system 200. Referring to Figure 14, an example of an alternative configuration is depicted, the coupling 350 being merged with the coupling system 200.
    [65] In addition to the various applications in which the switching system 200 may be utilized, the configuration of the switching system 200 may vary substantially. Referring to Figure 15, the coupling system 200 has a configuration in which only one holder 210 is present. While the coupling 150 defined the two openings 151 extending completely through the arms of the configuration as discussed above, in this configuration the coupling 150 occupies the only opening 151 extending completely through the arms occupying a single holder 210. The holders 210 and the corresponding parts of the openings 151 are described above as tapered along their threads but they may have non-threaded configurations, such as the image in Figure 16. In another configuration, the openings 215 may be absent from the holders 210 depicted in Figure 17. Furthermore, various aspects or elements of the coupling system 200 described above may be absent or otherwise modified in some configurations.
    [66] Additional structures or mechanisms may also be used in place of the release 240 to prevent or limit the rotation of the holders 210. The release 240 may therefore be absent in some configurations of the coupling system 200 and other systems securing the holders 210 to the coupling 150 may be used. Referring to Figure 18, a pair of plugs 159 of an elastomer or rubber are recessed in the openings 151 and contact the threads 214 to secure the positions of the holders 210 without the release 240. In some configurations, fine release 240 and the plugs 159 may be used in combination. Referring to Figures 19 and 20, frustoconical bolts 248 having configurations similar to the release members 246 extend into the coupling 150 and support portions of the holders 210 to limit rotation of the holders 210. The set of bolts having other configurations may also be used in the configurations. as Figures 19 and 20. In other configurations, metal strips are secured through the openings 151 and adapted to the outer surfaces 211, which can be used to secure the holders 210 in the absence of the locks 240. As another example, the locking mechanism is shown in U.S. Patent No. 5,088. 24 to Jones which is incorporated herein by reference, and may be used in lieu of redemption 240.
    [67] As further contained, the coupling 150 may be molded to define the openings 151 and the threads 157. Existing couplings may also be retrofitted to define one or more openings configured as the openings 151. Thus, openings similar to the openings 151 may be ground in an existing element. . As a further alternative, a threaded insert with frustoconical configuration may also be welded or otherwise secured in existing elements containing the coupling system 200.
    [68] Second coupling system configuration
    [69] The coupling system 400 can be used to form a bolt coupling which joins different coupling elements. With reference to Figures 21-15, coupling 350 and link elements 360 are depicted using coupling system 400.
    [70] The coupling 350 includes a pair of spaced arms 351 each having an outer surface 355 and an opposite inner surface 356. Each opening 351 extends between the surfaces 355 and 356 to form adapted openings with frustoconical configurations. Thus, each opening 351 has a tapered shape similar to the truncated cone. In addition, the openings 351 extend with a tapered shape in a direction from the outer surface 355 to the inner surface 356 so that a diameter of each opening 351 is larger at the outer surface 355 than at the inner surface 356. Each surface of the openings 351 contains the threads 357 at any time. has the configuration of helically cut projections with relatively large pitch, although the pitch of the threads 357 can vary significantly. Additionally, a pair of undercut recesses 358 may be formed at each outer surface 355 and on opposite sides of the openings 351. Although each opening 351 preferably tapers across the entire width of the arm, it may contain a non-taper on one or each side of a tapered part.
    [71] The coupling system 400 contains a pair of inserts which in this embodiment are shaped to function as bushings 410. The coupling system 400 also contains the bolt 420 and a pair of locks 440. The bushings 410 can be secured within the openings 351 so that the bolt 420 extends at least partially in openings 351 (that is, in the bushings 410) across the space between the arms 354 and through the latch member 360. To prevent the bushings 410 from rotating and moving from the openings 351, the locks 440 extend in the recesses 358. In this configuration, the bolt 420 joins sought pay element 360 to coupling 350.
    [72] The bushings 410 each contain an outer surface 41 1, an opposite inner surface 412 and a tapered surface 413 as depicted in Figures 26-29.
    [73] An advantage of corresponding frustoconical configurations and corresponding thread configurations is that a relatively small rotation of each bushing 410 is essential to separate the bushings 490 from the clutch 350. More specifically, the frustoconical configurations coupled with the relatively large pitch of the threads 357 and 414 have a structure in which the bushings 410 move out of their defined positions (i.e. where tapered surfaces 413 contact or bear against the surfaces of the openings 351) when rotation is relatively small. Thus, rotating the bushings 410 between one-half and five turns may be sufficient to separate the bushings 410 from the coupling 350, depending on the pitch of the threads 357 and 414 and the specific frustoconical configuration selected. When using the grinding line excavation system 100, displacement can occur from wear and fine particles (i.e. relatively small particles or dust) from soil, rocks and other debris can be packed or otherwise moved in the coupling system 400. Even when the elements are displaced or fine particles are present, however, the bushings 410 are moved out of its determined positions with relatively little rotation.
    [74] The outer surfaces 411 each define a locking groove 415 which receives one of the locks 440. The loosening grooves 415 extend over the bushings 410 and conform to the recesses 358 when the bushings 410 are read within the openings 351.
    [75] The inner surfaces 412 preferably define a frustoconical or otherwise tapered cavity 41 which receives one end 421 of the bolt 420. In view of the stress caused in the various elements of the grinding shaft shaft system 100, abrasion and cutting on the contact surface between the ends 421 and the casing 416, the bushings 410 preferably contain a pair of overlays 417 within the cavities 416. Although a variety of materials with relatively high abrasion resistance and non-stick properties can be used for the overlay 417, suitable materials contain a variety of cobalt-chromium alloys which may also contain tungsten and carbon. , such as STELLlTE produced by the Delloro Stellite Group of Goshen, Indiana. In some configurations, the topsheet 417 may also or alternatively be incorporated into the end regions of the bolt 420 or the topsheet 417 may be absent from the coupling system 400. Given that the selected material for the topsheet 417 provides relatively high wear resistance and non-tacky properties, the material may 23 selected for the rest of the bushings 410 convey other favorable properties, such as, for example, high dimensional stability of the threads 414.
    [76] The bolt 420 generally has a cylindrical configuration. The ends 421 and the bolt 420 preferably show a frustoconical or otherwise a tapered configuration. An advantage of the tapered configuration is the ends 421 relate to joining the bolt 420 to the bushings 410 and separating the bolt 420 from the bushings 410. More specifically, the bolts with the tapered ends extend in the cavities 416 and back from the cavities 416 more easily than bolts with non- tapered ends. Similarly, when fine particles from soil, rocks or other debris are packed in the coupling system 400, the tapered configuration allows the ends 421 to be easier to retract from the cavities 416.
    [77] Some previous bolt couplings incorporate bushings and separate the holders (e.g. welded plates). While the bushings extend around the bolt to inhibit the movement of the bolt, the hoops extend over the ends of the bolt to inhibit axial movement of the bolt. An advantage of the coupling system, however, is that the bushings 410 effectively provide the functions of both the bushings and the hobs of the previous bolt coupling. Thus, the bushings 410 are essential to inhibit the movement of the bolt 420. In addition, no welding is required. The threaded couplings of the bushings are also easier to install and remove compared to the loaded fit or the welded bushings.
    [78] Link element 360 has a configuration that joins the clutch 350 and a socket from one of the tow ropes. More specifically, the bolt 420 extends through one of the openings 361 to secure the link member 360 to the coupling 350 and a socket may be secured through the other of the openings 361. The link member 360 is used to effectively connect one of the sockets to the coupling 350. In some cases. In configurations, however, the link member 360 may be absent so that the bolt 420 extends through and connects directly to one of the receptacles.
    [79] The locks 440 are very similar to the locks 240 and operate according to the same principle.
    [80] Disassembly and assembly processes
    [81] To begin the disassembly process of the coupling system 400, the locking member 446 is initially removed from the channel 445. Given that line particles from soil, rocks and other debris can be packed in the coupling system 400 and displacements may be the result of wear and installation, removal may be relative difficult of conventionally threaded couplings. However, the channel 445 and the locking element 446 preferably have a corresponding frustoconical configuration. Therefore, when the rotation is relatively small, the locking member moves out of its fixed position and the surfaces of the locking member 446 separate from the surfaces of the channel 445. In this configuration, therefore, the locking member 446 can be removed from the channel 445 even when debris is packed in the area between the channel 445 and the locking element 446.
    [82] Once the locking member 446 is removed, the lock 440 can be rotated upward (i.e., the inner ends of the bodies 441 and 442 rotate upwardly around the pillar 443) to release ends 449 and the lock 440 from the recesses 358. The ends 449 extend in recesses 358 and prevents the bushings 410 from rotating upon placement within locking grooves 415. However, after removal of the lock 440, the bushings 410 may rotate to facilitate removal. As with the channels 445 and the bushings 446, the bushings 410 and the openings 351 preferably have corresponding frusto-conical configurations. When the rotation is relatively small, and therefore the bushing 410 moves from its determined position and the threaded surface of the bushing 410 separates from the threaded surface of the opening 351. An advantage of this configuration is that the bushing 410 can be removed from the opening 351 even when finer particles are packed in areas between the tapered surface 413 and the opening 351 and also between the threads 357 and 414.
    [83] Given the potential mass of the various elements and the tow line excavation system 100 and the degree to which parts can be packed in parts of the coupling system 400, a removal apparatus 450 can be used to remove the bushings 410 from the openings 351. Referring to Figures 33 and 34, , the removal apparatus 450 includes a housing 451, a wrench 452 and a centering tool 453. After mounting, the housing 451 rests against the outer surface 41 1 and lower portions of the wrench 452, and the centering tool 453 extends into the housing 451. A flange in a lower region of the housing 451 may also extend to locations in the centering tool 453 to restrict the movement of the housing 451 away from the bushing 410. While the wrench 452 rests against sides of the notch 415, protrusions in the lower portion of the centering tool extend into a pair of recesses 418 formed on opposite sides of the cutting inserts 415. When mounted on this sweet, the wrench 452 prevents the centering tool 453 from independently rotating on the bushing 410. Thus, rotation of the centering tool 453 includes a corresponding K or rotation in the bushing. other securing devices may then be secured to metal eyelets on the sides of the housing 451 to limit rotation of the housing 451 relative to the coupling 350. Finally, the centering tool 453 may rotate to induce a corresponding rotation in one of the bushings 410.
    [84] When the bushings 410 are releasable (i.e., out of their positions), the bushings 410 can be removed from the openings 351. As discussed above, the tapered ends 421 and the bolt 420 can return from the cavities 416 more easily than non-tapered end bolts, thereby allowing the bolt 420 to separate from the bushings 410. The bolt 420 is then retracted from the link member 360 and the openings 351 to substantially complete disassembly of the coupling system 400. In some other coupling systems, hammers may be necessary to loosen bolts, preferably when lumber is packed in the system or when displacement occurs as a result of installation or wear. However, given that the diameter of the bolt 420 is substantially smaller than the diameter of the openings 351, the bolt 420 can be more easily removed from the coupling 350. The disassembly process may involve removing both the bushings 410 or only one of the bushings 410. In view of the tapered configuration in the ends 421, the bolt 420 may generally be separated even when only one of the bushings 410 is removed.
    [85] The disassembly process is substantially similar to the disassembly process but is performed in reverse order. An advantage of the coupling system 400 is related to installation on the bolt 420. As a conventional process for installing the bolt, hammering may be required to position the bolt through each bushing. However, in the current innovation, the insertion of the bolt has been made easier because only one bushing is installed when the bolt is inserted. With only one of the bushings 410 installed, the bolt 420 can be more easily inserted through the relatively large opening formed by one of the openings 351 without the bushing resting within the cavity 416 of one of the bushings installed. Then other bushings 410 can be installed. Another aspect of the mounting process relates to the installation of the bushings 410 and the locks 440. In order for the locks 440 to fit in the grooves 415 and recesses 358, the grooves 415 must be aligned with the recesses 358. Although the threads 357 and 414 can be shaped so that tightening the bushings 410 Certain positions fit the cutting inserts 415 and recesses 358, the soil, rocks and other debris typically present around mining and earthwork operations can affect the degree to which the bushings 410 rotate relative to the openings 351. Likewise, limitations and tolerances in sand casting or other manufacturing processes for the coupling 350 and the bushings 410 can affect the degree to which the bushings 410 rotate relative to the openings 351. To ensure that the latches 415 and recesses 358 can be adjusted, the threads 357 and 414 can be configured to prevent the latches 415 from rotating past the recesses 358 when fully tightened to determine the positions. By then dissolving the bushings 410, read cuts 415 and recesses 358 can be adapted.
    [86] Additional configurations
    [87] The above discussions of the coupling system 400 provide an example of a structure and use for the coupling system 400. Referring to Figure 35, an example of a configuration illustration is shown in which the coupling 150 includes the coupling system 400. Furthermore, concepts associated with the coupling system 400 may be included in various embodiments. types of mining equipment as well as other applications that include a wide range of dredging, forestry and construction machinery. 00535993 28
    [88] In addition to the various applications where the switching system 400 may be utilized, the configuration of the switching system 400 may vary substantially. Referring to Figure 36, the coupling system 400 has a configuration in which only one bushing 410 is present. While the coupling 350 defines two openings 351 in the configuration discussed above, the coupling 350 in this configuration forms a singular fully extended opening 351 through one of the arms which receives the single bushing. Various elements of the coupling system 400 are also described above as tapered, but may have a non-tapered configuration.
    [89] In addition, the read 440 may be absent in some configurations of the coupling system 400 depicted in Figure 40. When the read 440 is absent, other systems securing the bushings 410 to the coupling 350 may be used, including elastomeric or rubber stoppers inserted between the threads. 357 and 414, metal straps secured through the openings 351 and adjacent the outer surfaces 41 1 or a set of screws extending between the coupling 350 and the bushings 410. As another example that may be used is a reading mechanism showing the configuration of U.S. Patent No. 5,088,214 to Jones, which is incorporated herein by reference. Additional, various aspects or elements of the coupling system 400 described above may be absent or otherwise modified in some configurations.
    [90] As a further blank, the coupling 350 may be used to define the openings 351 and the threads 357. Existing links may also be retrofitted to define one or more openings with configuration of the openings 351. Thus, openings may be ground in an existing link so as to the coupling system 400 can be used with an existing link. As a further alternative, a threaded insert with a frustoconical configuration may also be welded or otherwise secured in existing links containing the coupling system 400.
    [91] The innovation shown above and supplementary figures with reference to a variation of the configuration However, the served purpose of the publication is to provide an example of the various features and concepts related to the innovation, not to limit the scope of the innovation. One skilled in the art will recognize the number of variations and modifications that may be made to the configurations described above without departing from the scope of the innovation.
    权利要求:
    Claims (31)
    [1] 1. A pinned connection comprising: a first connection element defining an aperture, at least a portion ofthe aperture being threaded; a second connection element defining a hole; a pin extending into the aperture and the hole; and an insert located within the aperture and adapted to contact thepin, at least a portion of the insert having a threaded surface that engages the threaded surface of the aperture.
    [2] 2. The pinned connection recited in claim 1, wherein the threads of the aperture and the insert are formed on corresponding tapered surfaces.
    [3] 3. The pinned connection recited in claim 1, wherein the insertoverlies an end of the pin and prevents removal of the pin from the pinned connection through the aperture.
    [4] 4. The pinned connection recited in claim 1, wherein the insert defines a bushing and surrounds a portion of the pin.
    [5] 5. The pinned connection recited in claim 1, further including abushing located within the aperture, the bushing defining an opening that extends around the pin.
    [6] 6. The pinned connection recited in claim 5, wherein a central axis of the pin is offset from a center of the bushing.
    [7] 7. The pinned connection recited in claim 1, wherein the insert defines a cavity that receives the pin. 378 PCT
    [8] 8. The pinned connection recited in claim 7, wherein at least a portionof the cavity tapers inward and an end portion of the pin located within the cavity has a corresponding taper.
    [9] 9. The pinned connection recited in claim 7, wherein an overiay formsat least a portion of a surface of the cavity, the overiay being composed of awear-resistant material.
    [10] 10. The pinned connection recited in claim 1, further including a lock,wherein the first connection element includes a locking formation to engage thelock, and wherein the lock is adapted to contact the insert to prevent removal of the insert from the first connection element.
    [11] 11. The pinned connection recited in claim 1 wherein the firstconnection element includes a pair of spaced apart arms, one of the armsincluding the first aperture and the other ann including a second aperture alignedwith the first aperture, wherein the second connection element is positionedbetween the arms so that the hole aligns with the first and second apertures, andwherein the pin is received into the first aperture, the second aperture, and thehole.
    [12] 12. The pinned connection recited in claim 11, wherein at least aportion of the second aperture is threaded and threadedly engages a secondone of the inserts, and wherein the threaded surfaces of the apertures and thethreaded surfaces of the inserts have corresponding frustroconicalconfigurations.
    [13] 13. The pinned connection of claim 12 including a lock, wherein thefirst connection element includes a locking formation on each of the arms, andwherein the lock is received into each of the locking forrnations to inhibit removal of the inserts from the apertures. 31 378 PCT
    [14] 14. The pinned connection recited in claim 13 wherein each of the inserts opposes an end of the pin to prevent removal of the pin past the insert.
    [15] 15. The pinned connection recited in claim 14 wherein each of the inserts includes an opening that receives a portion of the pin.
    [16] 16. The pinned connection recited in claim 12 wherein each of theinserts includes an opening that receives a portion of the pin.
    [17] 17. The pinned connection recited in claim 16, wherein an overiay of wear resistant material forms at least a portion of a surface of the opening.
    [18] 18. The pinned connection recited in claim 16, wherein a surface ofeach of the openings in the inserts receiving the pin defines a tapered area, and wherein the pin has opposite ends each formed with a corresponding taper.
    [19] 19. A connection system for a pinned connection, the connectionsystem comprising: a connection element having a pair of arms each including anaperture with an inner surface that includes threads, the surface of the aperturehaving a frustroconical configuration at least along the threads; a retainer located within each of the apertures, each said retainerhaving an outer surface, an opposite inner surface, and a side surface thattapers inward from the outer surface to the inner surface to define afrustroconical configuration, the side surface having threads that engage thethreads of the respective aperture; a pin having two ends and a central area located between theends, the ends extending into the apertures and being opposed by the innersurface of the retainer; and a bushing located within each of the apertures, each said bushing deflning an opening that extends around one of the ends of the pin. 32 378 PCT
    [20] 20. The connection system recited in claim 19, wherein the connectionelement defines an indentation located adjacent to each of the apertures, andthe connection system further includes a lock located within each of theindentations, a portion of the lock extending over the outer surface of the retainerto prevent removal of the retainers from the respective aperture.
    [21] 21. A connection system for a pinned connection, the connectionsystem comprising: a connection element having a pair of arms each including anaperture with a surface that includes threads, the surface of the aperture havinga frustroconical configuration at least along the threads; a bushing located within each of the apertures, each said bushinghaving an outer surface, an opposite inner surface, and a side surface thattapers inward from the outer surface to the inner surface to define afrustroconical configuration, the side surface having threads that engage thethreads of the respective aperture, and the inner surface defining an openingthat extends toward the outer surface; and a pin having two ends and a central area located between the ends, the ends extending into the openings in the bushings.
    [22] 22. The connection system recited in claim 21, wherein each said opening and each said end of the pin are tapered.
    [23] 23. The connection system recited in claim 21, wherein an overlay of wear resistant material forms at least a portion of a surface of the opening.
    [24] 24. The connection system recited in claim 21, wherein the connectionelement defines at least one indentation on each arm located adjacent to theaperture, and the first surface of the bushing defines a groove, the connectionsystem further including a lock located within the indentation of each of arms and within the groove of each of the bushings. 33 378 PCT
    [25] 25. A dragline excavating system having a plurality of componentsjoined through pinned connections, at least one of the pinned connectionscomprising: a first connection element defining an aperture, at least a portion ofthe aperture being threaded; a second connection element defining a hole; a pin extending into the aperture and the hole; and an insert located within the aperture and adapted to contact thepin, at least a portion of the insert having a threaded surface that engages thethreaded surface of the aperture.
    [26] 26. The dragline excavating system recited in claim 25, wherein thethreads of the aperture and the insert are fomted on corresponding tapered surfaces.
    [27] 27. A bushing for a pinned connection having an opening for receivinga pin joining two connection elements together and an outer surface adapted toengage and be received into an aperture in one of the connection elements, atleast a portion of the outer surface defining threads to engage correspondingthreads in the aperture to hold the bushing in the aperture.
    [28] 28. The bushing recited in claim 27, wherein the portion of the outer surface defining the threads has a frustroconical configuration.
    [29] 29. The bushing recited in claim 28, wherein at least a portion of the opening is tapered.
    [30] 30. The bushing recited in claim 28, wherein the opening is provided with an overlay. 34 378 PCT
    [31] 31. A retainer for a pinned connection having a first connectionelement including a pair of arms each with an aperture, a second connectionelement that fits between the arms and has a hole that aligns with the aperture,and a pin received in the hole and each of the apertures, the retainer comprisingan inner surface to oppose an end of the pin and prevent removal of the pin pastthe retainer, and opposite outer surface including a tool engaging formation, anda peripheral side surface having a configuration that tapers from the outersurface to the inner surface and including threads for engaging correspondingthreads in the aperture.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN101868326B|2015-02-18|
    BRPI0820582A2|2015-06-16|
    US9115742B2|2015-08-25|
    WO2009070471A1|2009-06-04|
    EA201000875A1|2010-10-29|
    US8469622B2|2013-06-25|
    NZ602664A|2013-08-30|
    CA2702963A1|2009-06-04|
    US20090136291A1|2009-05-28|
    JO2750B1|2014-03-15|
    PE20091663A1|2009-11-04|
    EA017326B1|2012-11-30|
    US20130280012A1|2013-10-24|
    CN101868326A|2010-10-20|
    CN104674869A|2015-06-03|
    ES2389431B1|2013-07-19|
    SE1000562A1|2010-06-30|
    MX2010005788A|2010-06-08|
    CL2008003493A1|2010-01-04|
    AU2008329895A1|2009-06-04|
    CO6280415A2|2011-05-20|
    ES2389431A1|2012-10-26|
    HK1145476A1|2011-04-21|
    AR069473A1|2010-01-27|
    CA2702963C|2015-05-19|
    AU2008329895B2|2014-11-13|
    NZ584654A|2012-10-26|
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